[1]
E. E. Lewis and W. F. Miller. Computational methods of neutron transport (John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, NY, 1984).
[2]
A. Hébert. Applied reactor physics (Presses inter Polytechnique, 2009).
[3]
L. Lorence Jr, J. Morel and G. Valdez. Physics guide to CEPXS: a multigroup coupled electron-photon cross-section generating code (Sandia National Lab.(SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States), 1989).
[4]
J. Morel. Fokker-Planck calculations using standard discrete ordinates transport codes. Nuclear Science and Engineering 79, 340–356 (1981).
[5]
G. Pomraning. The Fokker-Planck operator as an asymptotic limit. Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 2, 21–36 (1992).
[6]
S. B. Uilkema. Proton therapy planning using the SN method with the Fokker–Planck approximation. Delft University of Technology (2012).
[7]
G. Pomraning. Higher order fokker-planck operators. Nuclear science and engineering 124, 390–397 (1996).
[8]
E. Olbrant and M. Frank. Generalized Fokker–Planck theory for electron and photon transport in biological tissues: application to radiotherapy. Computational and mathematical methods in medicine 11, 313–339 (2010).
[9]
K. Przybylski and J. Ligou. Numerical analysis of the Boltzmann equation including Fokker-Planck terms. Nuclear Science and Engineering 81, 92–109 (1982).
[10]
Y. Azmy, E. Sartori, E. W. Larsen and J. E. Morel. Advances in discrete-ordinates methodology. Nuclear computational science: A century in review, 1–84 (2010).
[11]
J. S. Hesthaven and T. Warburton. Nodal discontinuous Galerkin methods: algorithms, analysis, and applications (Springer Science & Business Media, 2007).
[12]
J. E. Morel. An improved Fokker-Planck angular differencing scheme. Nuclear Science and Engineering 89, 131–136 (1985).
[13]
C. Bienvenue and A. Hébert. High-order diamond differencing schemes for the Boltzmann Fokker–Planck equation in 1D and 2D Cartesian geometries. Annals of Nuclear Energy 171, 109032 (2022).
[14]
A. M. Voloschenko. Some improvements in solving of the transport equation by the use of the family of weighted nodal schemes. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Mathematics and Computational Methods Applied to Nuclear Science and Engineering (M&C 2011) (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2011).
[15]
D. G. Anderson. Iterative procedures for nonlinear integral equations. Journal of the ACM 12, 547–560 (1965).
[16]
H. F. Walker and P. Ni. Anderson acceleration for fixed-point iterations. SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis 49, 1715–1735 (2011).
[17]
Y. Saad and M. H. Schultz. GMRES: A generalized minimal residual algorithm for solving nonsymmetric linear systems. SIAM Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing 7, 856–869 (1986).
[18]
H. A. van der Vorst. Bi-CGSTAB: A fast and smoothly converging variant of Bi-CG for the solution of nonsymmetric linear systems. SIAM Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing 13, 631–644 (1992).
[19]
J. S. Warsa, T. A. Wareing and J. E. Morel. Krylov iterative methods and the degraded effectiveness of diffusion synthetic acceleration for multidimensional Sn calculations in problems with material discontinuities. Nuclear Science and Engineering 147, 218–248 (2004).
[20]
F. Salvat, J. M. Fernández-Varea, J. Sempau and others. PENELOPE-2006: A code system for Monte Carlo simulation of electron and photon transport. In: Workshop proceedings, Vol. 4 (Citeseer, 2006); p. 7.
[21]
J. H. Hubbell, W. J. Veigele, E. Briggs, R. Brown, D. Cromer and d. R. Howerton. Atomic form factors, incoherent scattering functions, and photon scattering cross sections. Journal of physical and chemical reference data 4, 471–538 (1975).
[22]
D. T. Cromer. Anomalous dispersion corrections computed from self-consistent field relativistic Dirac–Slater wave functions. Acta Crystallographica 18, 17–23 (1965).
[23]
L. Kissel, B. Zhou, S. Roy, S. Sen Gupta and R. Pratt. The validity of form-factor, modified-form-factor and anomalous-scattering-factor approximations in elastic scattering calculations. Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations of Crystallography 51, 271–288 (1995).
[24]
O. Iwamoto, N. Iwamoto, S. Kunieda, F. Minato, S. Nakayama, Y. Abe, K. Tsubakihara, S. Okumura, C. Ishizuka, T. Yoshida and others. Japanese evaluated nuclear data library version 5: JENDL-5, journal of nuclear science and technology 60, 1–60 (2023).
[25]
D. E. Cullen, M. Chen, J. Hubbell, S. Perkins, E. Plechaty, J. Rathkopf and J. Scofield. Tables and graphs of photon-interaction cross sections from 10 eV to 100 GeV derived from the LLNL evaluated photon data library (EPDL) (Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (USA), 1989).
[26]
D. Brusa, G. Stutz, J. Riveros, J. Fernández-Varea and F. Salvat. Fast sampling algorithm for the simulation of photon Compton scattering. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 379, 167–175 (1996).
[27]
W. Heitler. The quantum theory of radiation (Courier Corporation, 1984).
[28]
D. E. Cullen, J. H. Hubbell and L. Kissel. EPDL97: the evaluated photo data library97 version (Lawrence Livermore National Lab.(LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States), 1997).
[29]
F. Sauter. Über den atomaren Photoeffekt in der K-Schale nach der relativistischen Wellenmechanik Diracs. Annalen der Physik 403, 454–488 (1931).
[30]
J. Baró, M. Roteta, J. Fernández-Varea and F. Salvat. Analytical cross sections for Monte Carlo simulation of photon transport. Radiation physics and chemistry 44, 531–552 (1994).
[31]
Y.-S. Tsai. Pair production and bremsstrahlung of charged leptons. Reviews of Modern Physics 46, 815 (1974).
[32]
H. Davies, H. Bethe and L. Maximon. Theory of bremsstrahlung and pair production. II. Integral cross section for pair production. Physical Review 93, 788 (1954).
[33]
I. Kawrakow and D. Rogers. The EGSnrc code system. NRC Report PIRS-701, NRC, Ottawa (2021).
[34]
J. M. Fernández-Varea, F. Salvat, M. Dingfelder and D. Liljequist. A relativistic optical-data model for inelastic scattering of electrons and positrons in condensed matter. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 229, 187–218 (2005).
[35]
C. Møller. Zur theorie des durchgangs schneller elektronen durch materie. Annalen der Physik 406, 531–585 (1932).
[36]
H. Bhabha. The scattering of positrons by electrons with exchange on Dirac’s theory of the positron. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A-Mathematical and Physical Sciences 154, 195–206 (1936).
[37]
S. M. Seltzer. Cross sections for bremsstrahlung production and electron-impact ionization. In: Monte Carlo transport of electrons and photons (Springer, 1988); pp. 81–114.
[38]
S. Perkins and D. Cullen. The Livermore electron impact ionization data base (Lawrence Livermore National Lab.(LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States), 1989).
[39]
F. Salvat and J. Fernández-Varea. Semiempirical cross sections for the simulation of the energy loss of electrons and positrons in matter. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 63, 255–269 (1992).
[40]
F. Salvat. Bethe stopping-power formula and its corrections. Physical Review A 106, 032809 (2022).
[41]
F. Salvat, L. Barjuan and P. Andreo. Inelastic collisions of fast charged particles with atoms: Bethe asymptotic formulas and shell corrections. Physical Review A 105, 042813 (2022).
[42]
J. H. Scofield. K-and L-shell ionization of atoms by relativistic electrons. Physical Review A 18, 963 (1978).
[43]
F. Salvat and J. M. Fernández-Varea. Overview of physical interaction models for photon and electron transport used in Monte Carlo codes. Metrologia 46, S112 (2009).
[44]
S. Perkins. Tables and Graphs of Atomic Subshell and Relaxation Data Derived from the LLNL Evaluated Atomic Data Library (EADL), Z = 1-100 (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 1991).
[45]
F. Salvat and P. Andreo. SBETHE: Stopping powers of materials for swift charged particles from the corrected Bethe formula. Computer Physics Communications 287, 108697 (2023).
[46]
S. M. Seltzer and M. J. Berger. Evaluation of the collision stopping power of elements and compounds for electrons and positrons. The International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes 33, 1189–1218 (1982).
[47]
S. Seltzer, J. Fernandez-Varea, P. Andreo, P. Bergstrom, D. Burns, I. Krajcar Bronić, C. Ross and F. Salvat. Key data for ionizing-radiation dosimetry: measurement standards and applications, ICRU Report 90 (ICRU, 2016).
[48]
F. Rohrlich and B. Carlson. Positron-electron differences in energy loss and multiple scattering. Physical review 93, 38 (1954).
[49]
U. Fano. Atomic theory of electromagnetic interactions in dense materials. Physical Review 103, 1202 (1956).
[50]
M. Inokuti and D. Y. Smith. Fermi density effect on the stopping power of metallic aluminum. Physical Review B 25, 61 (1982).
[51]
R. M. Sternheimer. The density effect for the ionization loss in various materials. Physical Review 88, 851 (1952).
[52]
T. Lijian, H. Qing and L. Zhengming. Analytic fitting to the Mott cross section of electrons. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 45, 235–245 (1995).
[53]
M. Boschini, C. Consolandi, M. Gervasi, S. Giani, D. Grandi, V. Ivanchenko, P. Nieminem, S. Pensotti, P. Rancoita and M. Tacconi. An expression for the Mott cross section of electrons and positrons on nuclei with Z up to 118. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 90, 39–66 (2013).
[54]
I. Kawrakow. Improved modeling of multiple scattering in the voxel Monte Carlo model. Medical physics 24, 505–517 (1997).
[55]
S. M. Seltzer. An overview of ETRAN Monte Carlo methods. Monte Carlo transport of electrons and photons, 153–181 (1988).
[56]
G. Moliere. Theorie der streuung schneller geladener teilchen i. einzelstreuung am abgeschirmten coulomb-feld. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 2, 133–145 (1947).
[57]
U. Fano. Inelastic collisions and the Moliere theory of multiple scattering. Physical Review 93, 117 (1954).
[58]
X. A. Li and D. Rogers. Electron mass scattering powers: Monte Carlo and analytical calculations. Medical Physics 22, 531–541 (1995).
[59]
W. Koepf. Hypergeometric summation. Vieweg, Braunschweig/Wiesbaden 5 (1998).
[60]
I. S. Gradshteyn and I. M. Ryzhik. Table of integrals, series, and products (Academic press, 2014).
[61]
M. Landesman and J. Morel. Angular Fokker-Planck decomposition and representation techniques. Nuclear Science and Engineering 103, 1–11 (1989).
[62]
J. Morel. On the validity of the extended transport cross-section correction for low-energy electron transport. Nuclear Science and Engineering 71, 64–71 (1979).
[63]
C. R. Drumm, W. C. Fan, L. Lorence and J. Liscum-Powell. An analysis of the extended-transport correction with application to electron beam transport. Nuclear science and engineering 155, 355–366 (2007).
[64]
J. E. Morel. A hybrid collocation-Galerkin-Sn method for solving the Boltzmann transport equation. Nuclear Science and Engineering 101, 72–87 (1989).
[65]
S. M. Seltzer and M. J. Berger. Bremsstrahlung energy spectra from electrons with kinetic energy 1 keV–10 GeV incident on screened nuclei and orbital electrons of neutral atoms with Z= 1–100. Atomic data and nuclear data tables 35, 345–418 (1986).
[66]
E. Acosta, X. Llovet and F. Salvat. Monte Carlo simulation of bremsstrahlung emission by electrons. Applied Physics Letters 80, 3228–3230 (2002).
[67]
L. Kissel, C. Quarles and R. Pratt. Shape functions for atomic-field bremsstrahlung from electrons of kinetic energy 1–500 keV on selected neutral atoms 1 $\le$ Z $\le$ 92. Atomic data and nuclear data tables 28, 381–460 (1983).
[68]
L. Kim, R. Pratt, S. Seltzer and M. Berger. Ratio of positron to electron bremsstrahlung energy loss: an approximate scaling law. Physical Review A 33, 3002 (1986).
[69]
F. Salvat, J. Fernández-Varea, J. Sempau and X. Llovet. Monte Carlo simulation of bremsstrahlung emission by electrons. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 75, 1201–1219 (2006).
[70]
A. Poškus. Shape functions and singly differential cross sections of bremsstrahlung at electron energies from 10 eV to 3 MeV for Z= 1–100. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables 129, 101277 (2019).
[71]
W. R. Nelson, H. Hirayama and D. W. Rogers. EGS4 code system (Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Menlo Park, CA (USA), 1985).
[72]
G. Collaboration and others. Physics reference manual (CERN, Switzerland, 2016).
[73]
A. Naceur, C. Bienvenue, P. Romano, C. Chilian and J.-F. Carrier. Extending deterministic transport capabilities for very-high and ultra-high energy electron beams. Scientific Reports 14, 2796 (2024).
[74]
A. Hébert and A. Naceur. Implementation of the ELECTR module in NJOY. In: EPJ Web of Conferences, Vol. 284 (EDP Sciences, 2023); p. 11001.
[75]
A. Elbert and A. Laforgia. An inequality for Legendre polynomials. Journal of Mathematical Physics 35, 1348–1360 (1994).
[76]
G. B. Arfken, H. J. Weber and F. E. Harris. Mathematical methods for physicists: a comprehensive guide (Academic press, 2011).
[77]
F. G. Tricomi. Sugli zeri dei polinomi sferici ed ultrasferici. Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata 31, 93–97 (1950).
[78]
N. Hale and A. Townsend. Fast and accurate computation of Gauss–Legendre and Gauss–Jacobi quadrature nodes and weights. SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing 35, A652–A674 (2013).
[79]
B. G. Carlson. A method of characteristics and other improvements in solution methods for the transport equation. Nuclear science and engineering 61, 408–425 (1976).
[80]
J. Bezanson, A. Edelman, S. Karpinski and V. B. Shah. Julia: A fresh approach to numerical computing. SIAM review 59, 65–98 (2017).